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Bignoniaceae
Bignonia Family
By George
Rogers
Over 100
genera and 600 species (BA1) of woody plants, sometimes trees or shrubs, often
woody vines, usually with opposite pinnately or palmately compound leaves.
Flowers usually bilaterally symmetrical, often showy and colorful, frequently in
panicles or racemes. Stamens usually 4 in two pairs. Styles paired, closing
abruptly upon being probed. Fruits usually flat woody capsules, sometimes
elongated, with flat, papery winged seeds.
Key to
Bignoniaceae Commonly Cultivated in South Florida (some data from BA1)
1. Vines…2
(note: three choices)
1. Shrubs
or trees…8
2. Leaves
with just 2 leaflets; flowers red on the outside, yellow (or red) in the throat…Crossvine
(Anisostichus capreolata)
2. Leaves
usually with > 2 leaflets; flowers blue-violet; crushed leaves smelling like
garlic; tendrils present…Garlicvine (Cydista aequinoctialis)
2. Leaves
with > 2 leaflets; flowers white, pinkish, or orange; crushed foliage not
smelling like garlic; leaves usually without tendrils (Pyrostegia, with
orange flowers, the leaves usually having tendrils.)…3
3. Flowers
orange or bright red…5
3. Flowers
pinkish to creamy with red or purple markings…4
4. Fruits
short, oblong; calyx not inflated…Pandorea (Pandorea jasminoides)
4. Fruits
linear; calyx inflated (puffy)…Podranea (Podranea ricasoliana)
5. Vine
climbing by abundant roots along the woody main stem…Trumpet-Creeper (Campsis
radicans)
5. Vines
sprawling, climbing by tendrils, or climbing without roots along the stem…6
6. Leaflets
numerous (5-9), serrate-margined…Cape Honeysuckle (Tecomaria capensis)
6. Leaflets
2-3, entire-margined, with tendrils; edges of corolla lobes whitish…Flamevine (Pyrostegia
venusta)
7. Trees…8
7. Shrubs
(flowers yellow, leaves once-pinnate, leaflet margins serrate)…Yellow-Elder (Tecoma
stans)
8. Leaves
twice-pinnate…9
8. Leaves
palmate…10
9. Trees
with flame-orange flowers; leaves once-pinnate …African Tuliptree (Spathodea
campanulata)
9. Trees
with blue-violet flowers; leaves twice-pinnate…Jacaranda (Jacaranda
mimosifolia)
10. Flowers
yellow…11
10. Flowers
pink or purplish…12
11. Young
stems and leaves with golden hairs…Golden Trumpet Tree (Tabebuia chrysotricha)
11. Golden
hairs absent; leaves silvery beneath…Yellow Tabebuia (Tabebuia aurea)
12. Flowers
appearing mixed with leaves…Pink Tabebuia (Tabebuia pallida)
12. Flowers
covering leafless tree in spring…Purple Tabebuia (Tabebuia impetiginosa)
Other plants in the manual include:
Parmenteria cereifera
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